the days of the early Church Fathers) has applied it to the anointing of Jesus Christ as the Messiah. This interpretation, however, runs contrary to the way qōḏeš qoḏāšîm (“holy of holies, most holy”) is used in the OT. Outside of Daniel this phrase occurs more than 40 times in the OT. In every instance it refers to the sanctuary or something connected with it. (The only possible exception is 1 Chronicles 23:13, but this is debatable. It seems to me that even in this passage the expression